IWCF Level 3 preparation · Driller

Session 1: why wells kick

Primary well control: the mud column against the formation. About 55 minutes. Work through the five stages in order.

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1

On the brake

10 min

You're drilling the 8½" section at 9.5 ppg, 30 ft/hr, pumps on, everything steady. Press play and watch the driller's screen.

ROP ft/hr Active pit bbl 30 412.0 PIT GAIN ALARM

The ROP doubled, then the pits started gaining. What do you do first?

2

The balance

20 min

The weight of the mud column holds back the formation. If the mud pushes harder than the formation, the well is overbalanced and nothing comes in. Move the sliders, then use the buttons to cause a kick yourself three different ways.

Formation HP Pf
9.5 ppg
8,800 ft
9.2 ppg
Mud column HP
4,347
Formation Pf
4,210
Balance
+137
Overbalanced: well is static
HP = 0.052 × 9.5 × 8,800 = 4,347 psi

What eats into the margin? Try each one, then move the sliders:

3

Work it out

15 min

Use 0.052 to convert ppg to psi/ft. Round to the nearest whole psi unless the question asks otherwise. Have a go before you look at the working.

4

Knowledge check

10 min

Ten questions in IWCF style. Answer all ten, then mark the paper. 8 out of 10 passes the session; the real exam pass mark is 70%.

5

On your next tour

next trip

Trip sheet check

  1. Before the next trip out, get the pipe displacement and the casing capacity from the trip sheet or the driller's book.
  2. Work out the expected fill for 5 stands, pulled dry and pulled wet.
  3. Pull the 5 stands and record what the trip tank actually took.
  4. Bring both numbers to Session 2. If the hole took less than calculated, write down what you did about it.

Next: Session 2, fracture pressure, LOT/FIT and MAASP.